SLS
SLS (Selective Laser Sintering) is an additive manufacturing process in which a plastic powder – usually polyamide (nylon) or TPU – is heated and fused locally using a laser beam. In an industrial context, the term SLS is used primarily for plastics; for metal powders, the terms DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) or SLM (Selective Laser Melting) are often used more precisely.
How it works
A thin layer of powder is applied. A laser selectively fuses the particles that belong to the component. After a layer has been completed, the construction platform is lowered and a new layer of powder is applied. The unfused powder serves as a supporting material and can be recycled later.
Typical materials
- Polyamide (PA12, PA11), often used for functional prototypes and small series
- TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane), for more elastic components with rubber-like properties
- composite materials, for example with glass or carbon fibres for increased rigidity
Metal powders are used in similar processes, but then under specific designations such as DMLS or SLM.
Fields of application
- Prototypes: Particularly suitable for functional models, as no separate supporting structures are needed.
- Small series: Thanks to comparatively good material properties and precise component quality.
- Functional components: Often used in aviation, automotive and consumer goods industries.
Advantages and disadvantages
- Advantages: complex shapes without supporting structures, robust components, powder is partially reusable.
- Disadvantages: high initial costs for the equipment, post-treatment (removal and processing of the powder) is required.